Monthly Archives: March 2024

Endogenous opioids are necessary for the expression of pain relief and pain-induced aversion

Pain is a protective evolutionary function that involves “unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage” . Acute pain is an adaptive and essential survival behavior. Chronic pain is a pathological … Continue reading

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Manuscript data and code are available from corresponding author upon request

Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between GCS scores, sex, blood alcohol levels, and a history of substance abuse at the time of presentation in the ED. Older participants were found to have higher GCS scores, indicating a less serious … Continue reading

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Marijuana exposure is identified through the presence of Cannabinoid in a urine toxicology screen

A recent study by Arabian et al. revealed the presence of inaccuracy and variability between hospitals, specifically in the areas of data coding and injury severity scoring. Additionally, the type of registry software a hospital utilizes can report injury severity scores … Continue reading

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Level of evidence and risk of bias were assessed for each of the included studies

Alternatively, being male, having elevated blood alcohol levels and having other drugs present on admission were all found to have a significant influence on GCS scores and TBI severity, with GCS scores being lower for all three variables, implying a … Continue reading

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Effect sizes for regression analyses are presented as estimated regression coefficients in the results section

One limitation of this report is the study population consisted of HIV-negative MSM in Hanoi enrolled into a cohort study and is not necessarily representative of the community prevalence among MSM in Hanoi or other cities in Vietnam. Our finding … Continue reading

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The coalition includes charter schools and their associations as well as education advocacy groups

Unions were concerned that charter schools would be difficult to unionize, leading to losses of membership and union jobs. As far as school boards were concerned, chartering would diminish their power by allowing newly forming schools to apply directly to “authorizers” … Continue reading

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The organized interests that develop and grow their economic presence will also have greater political heft

More specifically, policy reforms in the states they represent can increase pressures members face from organized groups and individuals in their constituencies to promote aligned federal policies. Empirically, I examine the effects of state marijuana legalization. The inferential design leverages … Continue reading

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Variation across these dimensions greatly affects the ability of charter schools to establish and grow

Leveraging state policy data and administrative data on charter schools, I first demonstrate the importance of favorable charter laws for promoting the growth of new charter schools. Though the great majority of the states permit charter schools, charter laws vary … Continue reading

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Preliminary unadjusted logistic regression models were initially fit for each outcome

As pharmacological antagonism of CB1 receptors caused BD rats to seize, we also evaluated the relationship between changes in anandamide levels and seizure phenomena. Our results suggest that anandamide acts as both an endogenous antidyskinetic and anticonvulsive compound, in part … Continue reading

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Mean and standard deviaition of adherence were then estimated by diagnostic status category

Although a significant minority of patients remained ARVnaı¨ve throughout the study follow-up, we wanted to estimate adherence to combination highly active antiretroviral therapy stratified by psychiatric diagnosis and SU diagnosis status for study participants who did receive HAART. Adherence was measured … Continue reading

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