Author Archives: hemp2022

The output gap between vertically mixed and homogeneous teams points to vertical discrimination: it appears that upstream workers are willing to accept lower own pay in order to lower the pay of non-coethnic co-workers. About 86 percent of the output … Continue reading →

While all organic matter is originally derived from plant tissues, animals , and animal manures are a secondary and valuable source of organic matter. The decomposed remains of microorganisms can contribute up to 20% of the total organic matter content … Continue reading →

Direct observation of feed bunk behaviors would ultimately be needed to positively determine the underlying mechanism for this behavioral pattern among this subset of animals.In order to account for this informational redundancy, age in days at start of trial and … Continue reading →

If instead some cows were less consistent in their time budgets across days, then the sampling error imposed by the subsampling routine would be greater, resulting in a larger ensemble variance estimate. Thus, we would expect a stronger penalty to … Continue reading →

After centering and scaling cow attribute variables, linear fixed effects were added for cow age , calving date , and peak milk yield . Interaction effects were created for each combination of these linear terms, and a categorical effect added … Continue reading →

We therefore examine this cycle not only as a means to save water, but ask if and how it can enhance the viability of nonindustrial farming operations as the food system adapts to restricted water availability. We consider the relevant … Continue reading →

The experiment was conducted on seven certified organic dry farm tomato fields in Santa Cruz and San Mateo counties in California during the 2021 growing season. Five blocks were established on each field over the course of a full growing … Continue reading →

An interesting idea is that farmers themselves have a better idea of how they will benefit from the new technology. And this should be reflected in their willingness-to-pay to experiment with the new technology . Experimentation has shown that incentivizing … Continue reading →

The effect of zero tillage is dependent on climate, especially on rainfall, and the effect is more pronounced in drier areas . The energy requirements of zero tillage and reduced tillage are less, so GHG emissions are lower . GHG … Continue reading →

The eddy covariance method provides valuable information to better understand temporal variability and estimates an annual CH4 emission average that can be compared to inventories. Only a select number of studies have conducted in situ field measurements of CH4 from California … Continue reading →